Know Before You Order. -When placing an order, pick the items closest to what you want and leave a detailed note at checkout. We can match any color, just attach a good photo when checking out. Complicated requests are subject to price changes. -We are currently working on a large backlog of orders, so wait times can last up to 4 months.The milled receiver MAK-90 has a .615" diameter barrel. The milled receiver MAK-91 has a .684" diameter barrel and the NHM-91 has a .668 diameter barrel. The Maddi post bans have .580" diameter barrels and Romanian's are .584". All AK's have barrels that are 4 different diameters in different places.Sidefolding Hinge System for MAK 90 rifles. 'Galil-style' tubular buttstock is included and designed as an integral part of this hinge (not bolted on) and is available in 8 inch (Warsaw) or 9 inch (NATO) length.. Precision machined from aircraft aluminum. This hinge is designed to lock up solid, even tighter as wear ensues, and provide years of ...May 26, 2015 ... Review of a Chinese Norinco Milled MAK 90 Sporter AK Rifle, chambered in 7.62x39. Found this collector ak rifle variant at a local rural gun ...9 posts · Joined 2021. #1 · Nov 3, 2021. Hello I have a Norinco MAK 90 with all the original furniture and am wanting to make it look like an AK47 I plan on replacing the Stock, Grip, Handguard and using a Magpul magazine to get my 6 USA parts to be 922R compliant I really do not want to change any of the internal parts since the Chinese ones ...Side by Side. Single-Shot. Bolt-Action. Lever-Action. Tactical. Tactical by Brand. Tactical by Caliber. AR-15 Rifles. AR-15 and AK-47 Pistols.Not many people who are new or unfamiliar with guns know exactly what you’re talking about when you mention a “Mak 90” but, put simply, the Mac 90 is an AK-47 variant. The …The MAK-90 was a variant put out for export to the United States, designed to skirt new anti gun laws implemented at the time. The design essentially stripped the Chinese AKM of …STOCK MEANS JUST STOCK. A stock is not a pistol grip and a stock is not a handguard. Those things may be pictured but are not included, just like how the rifle itself may be …Price: $49.95. (1) INTERNAL RECEIVER BLOCK- STOCK ADAPTER FOR SAIGA'S & AK47'S. Rifle and Shotgun Internal Receiver Block allows you to attach a bolt on stock or folding stock to your receiver. Price: $49.95. (9) INTERNAL RECEIVER BLOCK - STOCK ADAPTER FOR MILLED AK47's - 2. AK47 Milled Receiver Block allows you to attach a …MAK-90s were made to shoot 7.62x39 or .223 caliber ammunition. A very few were made to shoot 5.45 x 39 ammo. The retail price for a new MAK-90s was often less than $200. They often were sold with three 5-round magazines, an oil bottle, a cleaning kit and a sling. A magazine ad from the early 1990s.If you want to keep up to date on the stock market you have a device in your pocket that makes that possible. Your phone can track everything finance-related and help keep you up t...Apr 27, 2015 · Vintage Norinco Mak 90 AK w/ Underfolding Stock & Threaded Muzzle ** Beautiful Early Mak 90 w/ All-Matching Numbers ** SOLD Description: This is a beautiful early Norinco Mak 90 that was originally manufactured as an underfolder model in China, was converted to a thumbhole stock by the importer in the States, and has since been converted back to a underfolder. Boyds Hardwood Gunstocks Norinco MAK-90 Handguard Set, Walnut, 3GB261D51117. Color: Walnut Gun Make: Norinco Gun Model: Norinco MAK-90 Included Accessories: Standard. Code: 2QQ-4AK-PV15H-3GB261D51117. MPN: 3GB261D51117. $91.99 Save $6.00. Some of the Mak 90's have a slant cut receiver at the rear of the gun. Only one company makes a stock set to fit the slant cut. MOST of the Mak90's are a straight cut receiver and will take any AK furniture. The best wood stock sets come from www.ironwooddesigns.com. They have pictures and info there about the different receivers. Home > Firearm Parts > Stocks & Braces > Rifles > MAK-90 > 26120 MAK 90 Sidefolder Integral Stock RH : Alternative Views: Our Price: $ 179.99. Stock Status: In Stock. Product Code: 26120. Left/Right Hand: Qty: Description Fits stamped receiver MAK 90 rifles. NOTE: THIS SIDEFOLDING HINGE FITS MAK90 SQUARE BACK AND SLANT CUT …The stylish, sporty look of the AK-47, MAK-90 Maadi Fiberforce stock and handguard will transform your 7.62X39 MAK-90 rifle into an accessorized masterpiece. Made of extreme-temperature, glass-reinforced polymer, the Dragunov design provides an ambidextrous military look and style with a thumbhole grip and matching handguard with a ventilated ...There's a Norinco MAK 90 with the thumbhole stock, looks immaculate in the pictures, comes with 8 mags and 250 rounds. They're asking $1,400. I'm assuming this is good pricing, but again, I know value is in the eye of the beholder, but I've never beheld anything outside of a Century Arms VSKA. So any help would be appreciated!Website builder limits shop configuration. every item has to be listed as “in stock” but it’s simply a way for you to pre-order customized items. FAL FURNITURE . FAL FURNITURE . Ready-to-Ship Items. Ready-to-Ship Items. Chinese Rifles (MAK90, NHM, 84S & Type 56) Chinese Rifles (MAK90, NHM, 84S & Type 56) Stocks and Braces. Stocks and ... The MAK-90. The MAK-90 abbreviation stands for; "Modified AK 1990". The MAK-90 was a variant put out for export to the United States, designed to skirt new anti gun laws implemented at the time. The design essentially stripped the Chinese AKM of its "Evil Features" such as the bayonet or means to mount one, the "scary" pistol grip, and the ... We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Some of the Mak 90's have a slant cut receiver at the rear of the gun. Only one company makes a stock set to fit the slant cut. MOST of the Mak90's are a straight cut receiver and will take any AK furniture. The best wood stock sets come from www.ironwooddesigns.com. They have pictures and info there about the different receivers. Stock control is important because it prevents retailers from running out of products, according to the Houston Chronicle. Stock control also helps retailers keep track of goods th...Here is a Norinco Mak90 with original gold action, in Magpul FDE, Houge furniture, Texas Weapons Systems hinged top cover rail, Bonesteel Arms steel folding stock w/ adjustable comb, Trigicon TA33G-13 BDC 7.62x39, Huntertown silencer (or titanium Jet Brake), barrel clamp picatiny with Olight Warrior Pro weapons light.a short video going over some of the benefits of a CNC warrior side folding stock for mak90 and other norinco or polytech aks.This review is on the Norinco MAK-90 AK-47! We'll get into some of the specifications of the rifle, and why it's the best variant on the market. If your lu... norinco mak-90 5 results View/Filter Options Categories. RIFLES ... MAK-90 SPORTER THUMB HOLE STOCK. $1,299.99. 7.62X39MM SEMI AUTOMATIC 30 ROUNDS 16 BARREL. $1,299.99. Used. Very Good. When you leave stock to heirs in your will, the shares go through probate. It can take months or years until stock is actually passed on to beneficiaries. You can sidestep probate ...Desert Fox Sales has a great selection of wooden, polymer, and collapsible stocks for AK47, MAK90, AK74, and SKS rifles. Shop our store online and save!MAK-90 Stocks. Absolutely the lowest prices on folding stocks for shotguns and rifles, including SKS stocks, Choate Stocks, Remington Stocks, Mossberg Stocks and much …Build. The feel of the gun is amazing, there is nothing like holding the piece of forged steel and wood that is an AK-47. With this model you can tell attention to detail and care went into the gun, most noticeably in the lack of play in the receiver and other parts of the rifle. The reasonable price is because this gun is a Chinese make of the ...Our Dragunov Design MAK-90/AK-47 stock fits the square backed receivers with single top tang. features a convenient thumbhole design and our adjustable length of pull spacer …Fits: Most Stamped and Milled AK Receivers like the WASR, MAK-90, Maadi, etc. (Not Compatible with the MAK-9 and Slant Receivers) Notes: SEC922R: ATI products are manufactured in the USA and count towards compliance parts. Contact your local gun shops or shooting ranges for this and other compliance issues. AK-47, MAK-90 Maadi … USA Made - ATI Strikeforce Gen2 AK47 AK74 Folding Stock & Forend. $139.99 $124.99. Save: 11% off. USA Made - ATI Strikeforce Gen2 AK47 Grey Folding Stock & Forend. $139.99 $124.99. Save: 11% off. Military style and tactical rifle stocks for AK47 MAK90 AK74 AKM AKS AMD65 RPK RPD SAIGA rifles and other similar Kalashnikov clones. Lots of choices with the MAK90, either milled or stamped. For example, the barrel is the same, either stamped or milled, so barrel parts will easily interchange between one style or the other. Also, the internals are the same. FCG parts are same same, bolt & bolt carrier same same, safety lever same same.Open a brokerage account and deposit funds in it to purchase stock in a company, explains the Wall Street Journal. Companies such as Charles Schwab, E-Trade, and Ameritrade provide...NORINCO MAK 90 - $1,599.99. Offer Amount $ Cancel Submit Offer. ... That way, we’re helping small businesses in your community AND if they have it in stock, you can pick your gun up IMMEDIATELY ...You may have a lot of questions if you are interested in investing in the stock market for the first time. One question that beginning investors often ask is whether they need a br...The Chinese MAK-90/91 M4 Style Stock Adapter attaches to the MAK-90/91 slant cut Milled Receiver allowing use of the M4 / AR15 style butt stocks and accessories. This adapter incorporates the original rear tang inside the buffer tube. Due to the lack of finish machining in the hole on the rear of these receivers some fitment may be required Sale Price$7.99. Sks Ak Rifle Fiberforce Stock Buttpad ATI. Regular Price$19.99. Sale Price$12.95. The ATI MAK0100 AK-47 MAK-90 Maadi Fiberforce Thumbhole Stock and Handguard Package is designed to fit most stamped and milled AK receivers such as the Norinco, WASR, MAK-90, Maadi, and others. The Mak 90 slant cut synthetic stock replacement conver. [ARCHIVED THREAD] - mak 90 replacement stock and pistol grip. ARCHIVED; Posted: 12/3/2018 8:32:32 AM EDT Just bought a unfired mak with a straight cut stamped rcvr. Was looking for a buttstock and pistol grip solution other than ironwood designs as they,re so expensive, thanks. Posted: 12/3/2018 10:56:14 AM EDT ...If you want to keep up to date on the stock market you have a device in your pocket that makes that possible. Your phone can track everything finance-related and help keep you up t...Mak 90 stock for sale and auction. Buy a Mak 90 stock online. Sell your Mak 90 stock for FREE today on GunsAmerica!Norinco MAK-90 Model of the Kalashnikov AK-47. General Specifications Calibers: Usually 7.62x39mm; rarely 5.56x45mm Overall length 35.1 inches Barrel length 16.34 inches Weight with empty magazine 8 lbs 4 ounces Receiver metal thickness: 1.6mm (most other stamped AKs have 1mm thick receivers) The letters/numbers MAK-90 stand for Modified AK-1990.Jan 5, 2022 ... The stock set is has is pretty rough and made of a softer wood. I ordered a surplus stock set that had been refinished to a deep red as ...If it is a stamped Mak90, you need to replace the furniture. (stock, grip, forearms) and the fire control group. I did. that with mine. Then you can put on a US muzzle device. and use foreign magazines. There are other ways to make. it compliant, but that was the easiest for me. Ironwood.Had a bit of an interesting Chinese Type 56 AK variant come my way, so figured we'd look at it and discuss the costs, benefits, and dangers of trying to con...Straight black painted wood stock, and checkered pistol grip. Steel butt plate. 2-piece, ventilated black polymer hand guards. Bore appears excellent/bright ...Penny stocks may sound like an interesting investment option, but there are some things that you should consider before deciding whether this is the right investment choice for you...The Chinese stocks are narrower where they go into the rear trunnion- euro pattern AKM receiver is 1mm thick and the Chinese is 1.5mm. And the tang screw spacing is a bit different. You can make a Russian or Rommy fit - you have to sand the sides of where the stock fits into the trunnion and make new holes for where the screws go to …THIS IS THE CORRECT STOCK ADAPTER FOR YOUR NORINCO THAT HAS A SLANT CUT REAR RECEVIER. Attach most M16/M4 style braces or stocks to your favorite MAK-90 Slant Cut Receiver AK! The JMAC M4-MAK Stock/Brace adapter is very unique in the way it mounts to the rifle! Ours completely replaces the factory T-Nut with our proprietary …Description. Dragunov Style Stock AK47 / MAK 90. By Choate Machine & Tool. Another Choate original! Constructed from battleship tough DuPont Zytel, these sharp looking …T. Thomas Discussion starter. 14 posts · Joined 2015. #1 · Feb 24, 2015. I purchased my Norinco MAK-90 "Sporter" back in the early 1990's for around $200 dollars. I shot less than a hundred rounds thru it and did not like the thumb-hole stock at all. I did not have time then for any changes, but have since retired with plenty of time on my ...If it is a stamped Mak90, you need to replace the furniture. (stock, grip, forearms) and the fire control group. I did. that with mine. Then you can put on a US muzzle device. and use foreign magazines. There are other ways to make. it compliant, but that was the easiest for me. Ironwood. Integrated forged 7075 T6 Mil-Spec M4 extension tube makes for a stronger, lighter and more compact package than a threaded tube can provide. Collapses to 1.625″” from receiver. Comparable in length to fixed M4 stock adapters. Shorter than any folding M4 stock adapter. Accepts all Mil-Spec diameter buttstocks. The MAK-90. The MAK-90 abbreviation stands for; "Modified AK 1990". The MAK-90 was a variant put out for export to the United States, designed to skirt new anti gun laws implemented at the time. The design essentially stripped the Chinese AKM of its "Evil Features" such as the bayonet or means to mount one, the "scary" pistol grip, and the ... MAK 90 Upgrade: Help with the rules. I just recently purchased a used MAK 90 with several 30 rd Mags. Serial Number starts with 93. It does have a nice flash suppressor on it as well as the thumbhole stock. This is my first imported assault rifle, and I am unsure on the rules. I would like to add a folding stock, some picatinny rails, and …I bought a NIB Mak90 in 1990 it had a slant cut! Paid $149 for it-those were the days. Ammo 7c a round too. Anyway what I did was find a chu wood stock and just dremeled down the "ears" till it looked flat if that makes sense. I then re finished the stock/grip/forend to a lighter color just like the blonde wood imports.As a collector of Chinese AK variants, I hate to tell you that having an original new in box MAK-90 is getting very valuable as many have been converted to pre-Bush1 ban style leaving original post-Bush1 style fairly rare, and more rare as new in box! It is your rifle to do as you wish, so I suggest keeping the original stock if you change it ...MAK-90 Galil Style Folding Stock. Rated 5.00 out of 5 $ 154.99 – $ 166.99 Select options; MAK-90 Collapsible M4 Style Folding Stock $ 154.99 – $ 166.99 Select ...Feb 4, 2016 ... I have milled MAK-90 with thumbhole stock (not one you pictured, but like one below). Someone made a polymer stock, but I doubt it is easy to ...Dragunov Style Stock AK47 / MAK 90 By Choate Machine & Tool Another Choate original! Constructed from battleship tough DuPont Zytel, these sharp looking stocks give unsurpassed service and durability. Built-in grip gives better handling and trigger control. Don't worry about bad weather.... they won't warp or absorb moisture like traditional …ATI AK-47 MAK-90 Maadi Fiberforce Stock & Handguards . Model MAK0100.c: Condition Factory New: Bud's Item # 11639: UPC 758152110008: Manufacturer Advanced Technology ...M4-MRKT. Fits any AK equipped with our MRKT trunnion. Does not fold. Attaches via a 1/4-20 bolt from the inside (included) so you don't have to disassemble your buffer tube. MOD-2 4.5mm. Fits 4.5mm folding rear trunnions like 104/106/107 UR/CR/FR, AKS-74, AKS-74u. Partially folds, does not lock in place.Choate Tool Mak-90 Dragunov Stock Milled Receiver,7.62 X 39, CMT-18-03-06. Government Export Restriction This item may be regulated for export by the U.S. Department of State or the U.S. Department of Commerce. Please see our Export Policy prior to placing your order. Color: Black Gun Model: Norinco MAK-90. Code: OP3-1AK-CHTL128-CMT-18-03-06. The AK47 MAK 90 Stock is designed to fit most (stamped and milled AK Receivers) such as the WASR, MAK-90, Maadi, and others. This AK47 Stock/Mak 90 Dragunov Stock Sniper Combo Kit AK Scope Package comes with all the necessary AK parts to convert your AK rifle into a tactical sniper rifle. It comes with an AK-47/ MAK-90 Maadi Replacement Stock ... If you want to keep up to date on the stock market you have a device in your pocket that makes that possible. Your phone can track everything finance-related and help keep you up t...Oct 12, 2020 ... ... stock! These are some of the changes I have made to it, and I plan to make a few more changes in the future. All these are my own personal ...The thing with the MAK-90 is it uses a 1.5mm receiver instead of the standard 1mm found on the euro. pattern AK's. I have the Archangel stock on a Romanian AKM and it works great along with the Magpul AKM forend and pistol grip. If you want to use the Magpul or Archangel stock on the MAK you will need to carefully file both sides and the bottom ...M4-MRKT. Fits any AK equipped with our MRKT trunnion. Does not fold. Attaches via a 1/4-20 bolt from the inside (included) so you don't have to disassemble your buffer tube. MOD-2 4.5mm. Fits 4.5mm folding rear trunnions like 104/106/107 UR/CR/FR, AKS-74, AKS-74u. Partially folds, does not lock in place. THIS WILL NOT WORK ON SQUARE CUT REAR RECEIVER MAK-90, YOU WILL NEED M4-MAK! THIS DOES NOT WORK ON MILLED RECEIVER MAK-90. FITS MOST SLANT CUT CHINESE AKs. Attach most M16/M4 style braces or stocks to your favorite MAK-90 rifle! Our M4-MAK Stock/Brace adapter is very unique in the way it mounts to the rifle! 4370 posts · Joined 2008. #10 · Jun 12, 2009. because the MAK 90 doesn't have a threaded barrel you only need 5 US parts...not six in any of the combination of parts: pistol grip -stock -handguards -fire control group ( 3 parts) US Magazine (counts as 3 parts, or you can replace the follower and floor plate on combloc which would equal 2 ...NORINCO MAK-90 SPORTER THUMB HOLE STOCK. NORINCO MAK-90 SPORTER THUMB HOLE STOCK. SKU 252336. used very good Used Price. $1,299.99 In stock. As low as $46.99/month. Learn More.Choate Dragunov Stock and Handguard AK-47, MAK-90 Stamped Receiver Synthetic Black. Product #: 557730. Manufacturer #: 18-03-08. UPC #: 197706557730. ( 30) Write a Review Q&A (9) Our Price: $79.99. Available. Ships tomorrow from MidwayUSA. When will it arrive? Compatible With: AK-47 Stamped Receiver. Add to Cart. Add to Wish List. Email To Friend.Choate Tool Mak-90 Stamped Stock $79.99. 3 models FAB Defense Tactical Folding Buttstock w/ Cheek Piece for AK-47/74 UAS-AKP (7) $121.89 (Save 13%) $105.99 12% …Our Price: $9.97. Our Price: $10.97. Share your knowledge of this product. Be the first to write a review ». Precision machined from aircraft aluminum, this hinge is designed to lock up solid, and provide years of trouble free use while maintaining it’s light weight. Includes a hardened steel bushing around the hinge pin to prevent wear ...Chinese MAK-90 AK47 Parts Kit with Original Populated Barrel, Wood Furniture, matching numbers, 7.62x39, in *excellent* condition. Sold as a KitKit is complete minus the receiver and the stock screws.Includes original Chinese populated chrome lined barrel with trunnion.Standard with the MAK90's, the muzzle is NOT threaded, with the bayonet lug …Back in 1993 I bought a MAK-90 new from the gunshop that had an angle cut receiver, a plate riveted through the holes for the folding stock and a tang welded on the back. If someone who has both an underfolder and a slant cut MAK 90 could check the angle and cut of both. Heard of some grave sites, out by the highway. A place where …
Choate Dragunov Stock and Handguard AK-47, MAK-90 Milled Receiver Synthetic Black. Product #: 192619. Manufacturer #: 18-03-06. UPC #: 197706192619.. Wordscapes level 627
Furniture, Stocks & Grips; Sights, Optics & Mounts; Lights & Lasers; Grip Modules for Pistols; Magazines; Pistol Braces; Bipods; Holsters & Pouches; Tools & Cleaning Equipment; ... Norinco MAK 90 AK 47 Sporter Semi-auto. SKU: HG460F-899K-00. $995.95. Add to Cart. Add to Wish List Add to Compare. Norinco 1911A1 Semi-auto. …Best. Add a Comment. mthoody • 11 yr. ago. Remove current thumb hole stock to determine if you have a straight or slant cut receiver. If straight cut, you can use standard wood stocks with some very minor fitting (MAK90 has 1.5mm stamping instead of AKM's 1.0mm). Ace side folder will also fit, other brand side folders will probably work as well.The addition of a Choate fiberglass thumbhole stock will make the MAK-90 rifle a real comfortable shooting rifle. As the grip area of this brand stock is much thinner and …The MA-16500 Chinese Stock comes with the stock, two 10-32 bolts and washers, is 8.5″ long. $ 123.95. UPC: Color. Choose an option Bakelite Orange Black Russian Plum Clear. Chinese Stock quantity. Add to cart. SKU: MA-16500Categories: AK-47 AND AK-74, BUTTPADS, STOCKS, AND BRACES, Parts. Additional information.(1) AK 6-Position Collapsible Stock Kit Made In USA. Kit Specifications (1) AK 6-Position Collapsible Stock Made In The USA 922R Compliant. (1) Quad Rail Forend Made In The USA 922R Compliant. (1) AK MAK 90 Integral Low Profile Scope Mount Picatinny Rail QD, With Rear Sight. (1) AK Ergonomic Pistol Grip.Price: $49.95. (1) INTERNAL RECEIVER BLOCK- STOCK ADAPTER FOR SAIGA'S & AK47'S. Rifle and Shotgun Internal Receiver Block allows you to attach a bolt on stock or folding stock to your receiver. Price: $49.95. (9) INTERNAL RECEIVER BLOCK - STOCK ADAPTER FOR MILLED AK47's - 2. AK47 Milled Receiver Block allows you to attach a …Furniture, Stocks & Grips; Sights, Optics & Mounts; Lights & Lasers; Grip Modules for Pistols; Magazines; Pistol Braces; Bipods; Holsters & Pouches; Tools & Cleaning Equipment; ... Norinco MAK 90 AK 47 Sporter Semi-auto. SKU: HG460F-899K-00. $995.95. Add to Cart. Add to Wish List Add to Compare. Norinco 1911A1 Semi-auto. …Mar 28, 2010 ... I just got a smokin deal on MAK 90. Got it for $400 with the Chote stock set installed along with the original wood sporter set and 3 - 30 ...Jul 11, 2014 · The milled MAK-90 is one of the hardest AK variants to find good buttstock options for. Ironwood Designs offers a very good wood replacement stock, but it's somewhat heavy (with the steel mounting rod). In addition, I'd really like to have the option of installing a collapsible stock. Dec 30, 2023 ... A block of nice wood, a few tools and a garage full of sawdust led to the stock on this milled MAK-90. The stock end was sized to fit a plate ... Description. Attach most M16/M4 style braces or stocks to your favorite MAK-90 rifle! JMAC’s M4-MAK Stock/Brace adapter is very unique in the way it mounts to the rifle! JMAC completely replaces the factory T-Nut with their proprietary mount and is INCREDIBLY STRONG! Because it replaces the T-Nut you dont need any special adapters for the ... MAK 90 Thumb-Hole Stock replacement. Jump to Latest Follow 3K views 5 replies 3 participants last post by Old Sarge-45 Dec 17, 2006. L. longjd Discussion starter 12 posts · Joined 2006 Add to quote; Only show this user #1 · Dec 13, 2006. I just bought a MAK-90 this last weekend and it is my first AK. ...MAK-90 Stocks; MAK-90 Stocks. View as Grid List. 3 Items . Show per page. Sort By. Set Descending Direction. AK Handguard Galil Style ... Out of stock. Add to Wish List Add to Compare. AK T6 Adjustable Stock Black . $41.95. Out of stock. Add to Wish List Add to Compare. View as Grid List. 3 ItemsJul 14, 2020 · M4-MRKT. Fits any AK equipped with our MRKT trunnion. Does not fold. Attaches via a 1/4-20 bolt from the inside (included) so you don't have to disassemble your buffer tube. MOD-2 4.5mm. Fits 4.5mm folding rear trunnions like 104/106/107 UR/CR/FR, AKS-74, AKS-74u. Partially folds, does not lock in place. .